PCB CHRISTMAS TREE

​Hello there

Finally, Winter is here. the most interesting thing in winter is Christmas at least for me.  To celebrate Christmas I made a small PCB Christmas tree. We can use this to decorate walls and rooms. So in this tutorial, I am showing how I designed and made this PCB Christmas tree.

COMPONENTS REQUIRED

1. NE555D SMD *1
2. transistor 2N2222 SMD *1
3. resistor SMD 0805 100 *1
4. resistor SMD 0805 1k *1
5. resistor SMD 0805 22k *1
6. resistor SMD 08055.6k *1 
7. BATTERY CR2025 holder *2
8. Capacitor 10uf - 0805 *1
9. Capacitor .10uf - 0805 *1
10. 1N4148_SMD *1
11. 2pinMale *1 
12. led smd 0805   *16 

 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

​Let's start with the circuit here you can see the circuit I used ic 555 for this project the circuit is an astable multivibrator. That makes the blinking of LEDs.  After verifying the circuit, I converted that into a PCB. first I have drawn a tree outline like this. Then I placed all components inside the outline and made a simple tree PCB.

​Then I generated the Gerber file for PCB fabrication. After downloading the Gerber file I went to jlcpcb.com for PCB fabrication. I choose JLCPCB because they offer only 2$ for 5 PCBs. To order PCBs just click order now and upload the Gerber file then we can select the quantity, solder mask colour, thickness etc. here I choose .4mm thickness to reduce the weight and for better diffusion. after that select the shipping method and place the order. After two weeks I received the PCBs. PCBs looks pretty nice and also the quality is perfect

​Now I grabbed all components and started soldering. I started by soldering the 555 ic then I soldered all other components. After 30 minutes I finished the soldering job and now our PCB Christmas tree looks like this.  We can power this by two modes. Either you can use two 3v batteries or you can directly input 5-12volt.

Similarly, I made 3 trees. And I placed all the tress on a breadboard and gave power now see the working we can change the blinking duration by changing the capacitance value. happy Christmas to all my viewers I will see you next time.

NEOPIXEL RGB LED MATRIX

In this tutorial I am going to show you how to build a 5*5 RGB LEDMATRIX USING NEOPIXEL. With this matrix  we can display  mesmarizing animations,  emojis and letters supersimple very attractive. lets gets started!

 Features

• Very small
• Millions of colours
•  Only one wire needed for programming

Materials needed

• 25*neopixel leds (WS2812 5050smd)
• Arduino (any arduino)
• 3D printed jig (you can download .stl)
• Wires

ABOUT 5050 WS2812B LEDS

Each ws2812 led has 4 pins

1. Vcc (connects to 5v)
2. Gnd
3. Din (connects to arduino)
4. DO (data out  connects to the next leds in data in)

I don't have indidual ws2812b Leds so i decided to took from ledstrip.for that i heated up the strip with soldering iron (watch video for details)

After gathering all  things  lets start the built

First place neopixel leds in 5*5 matrix jig.Remember place every leds in same Direction

After placing all leds on jig first connect every ground pins of each leds in a row. Then connect VCC of all leds of a row. Do the same for remaining rows. After  finishing thats connect data out of first led to the data in of next led. Data out of each rows connect to next rows first leds. Repeat this for all leds. After finishing everything connect all rows vcc together also ground. Finally connect  wires to common gnd, vcc, data in. Next i made a small enclosure  with foam sheet. And placed the matrix inside the foam case. 

Connections to arduino

Vcc to 5v

Gnd to gnd

Din to D7 (any digital pin)

Thats all about hardware connections

REST IS IN  PROGRAMMING

first install fast led library

DOWNLOAD CODE,CIRCUIT,STLFILE FROM HERE

After uploading code to arduino should use a 1.5 ampere power supply

Because at  maximum brightness  a neopixel led draws around 60 mA current .we have total 25 leds so 25*60=1.5A

Future plans

•  Planing to make a easy software to generate code
•  Bluetooth connectivity and controlling 

Turbidity meter

download code from here

How to make 2*2*2 LEDCUBE using arduino

Circuit diagram

download code from here

Video tutorial

how to fix broken charging cables at home

in this tutorial, I am going to show you how to fix your broken charging cables at home.

most of the charging cables damaged due to the problem in the USB plug we can solve that by replacing the jack

buy USB jack from here

Servo tester using ic 555

in this tutorial, I am going to show you how to make a simple servo tester using 555 ic

circuit diagram

components needed

• ic 555
• 10k variable resistor
• 10uf,.1uf capacitors
• 220k,10k,1k resistors
• 1n4148 diodes

working

The principle behind this project is that a 555 timer can be configured in “Astable multivibrator mode” and used to generate the signal for the Servo Motor to work. The servo motors with pulse width modulated signal usually with a frequency of 25-50Hz. The angle of the servo varies according to the ON time  period of the signal(i.e, duration of the pulse). Hence, different servos have a different angle of rotation with respect to pulse widths mentioned in there in the datasheet. For example, a pulse of 1 ms, moves the servo towards 0 degrees while a pulse of 2 ms would take it to 180 degrees.

The 555 timer in Astable mode provides an oscillating pulse as output which is switching between high and low states at a certain frequency and pulse width. In Astable Mode the threshold pin and trigger pin of the timer are connected to each other which allows the output to toggle between high and low states. This can be analysed when we look at the internal structure of the 555 containing NPN transistors, and some voltage divider circuits,and flip-flops.

tv remote controlled home automation

in this tutorial, I am going to show you how to make simple home automation using tv remote

this circuit uses a TSOP1738 IR receiver module in normal condition, the output pin of the IR module is  High, which means the transistor  (bd140 PNP) is at logic Low. but when ir signal fall to tsop sensor the output of tsop goes low and transistor will turn on. the output of the transistor is connected to a toggle switch constructed with cd 4017 counter ic

circuit diagram

circuit diagram

componets needed

 

 

BC547B

Transistor BD140

1N4007

1K resistor

CD4017

TSOP

RELAY

100UF capacitor

MOTION DETECTION ALARM

Hello, friends in the tutorial I am going to show you how to make a motion detection alarm. the main component of this project is the PIR sensor

. 

overview of PIR SENSOR

 the main component e of this project is a PIR sensor. PIR stands  for passive infrared

This module consists of a pyroelectric sensor. As the name & indicates that is pyro means temperature, this sensor produces some energy when it is exposed to heat!

and the term passive means it generates signals without using the energy

it has a lens called fresnel lens and which is used to focus the signal to the sensor.

This module has 3 pins Vcc gnd and out and two potentiometers Right One is used to adjust the output delay time and left one is used to adjust the Sensing range of module

working principle

if a human or heated body comes in front of the sensor. the Sensor will detect movement  because the  heated body emits energy in the form of IR radiation and the PIR will capture that

working modes

this module has two modes.

the repeatable and non-repeatable mode .

in the non-repeatable mode when the sensor output is high and it goes low after the delay time is over.

But in repeatable mode. It will keep the output high until the detected Object is in the range 

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

how to make conductive paint at home

Conductive paint is an ink that results in a printed object which conducts electricity. It is typically created by infusing graphite or other conductive materials into ink.

Conductive inks can be a more economical way to lay down a modern conductive traces when compared to traditional industrial standards such as etching copper from copper-plated substrates to form the same conductive traces on relevant substrates, as printing is a purely additive process producing little to no waste streams which then have to be recovered or treated.

T rex runner Game controller

in this tutorial, I am going to show you how to make a google dino game automation



all off you know about the t rex aka dino game of google and it famous as no internet game.

the game is very simple just avoid the obstacles by jumping and its like super Mario run.usually to jump we use space bar manually.that's very old school for me...

so in this tutorial, I am going to show you how to make that in automatic that is an automatic controller.


please watch the making video for more details

first, watch this video

​the senor

here we want to detect the obstacle and jump to detect the obstacle I am using an LDR

so how an LDR detect that kind of obstacle?

the resistance of LDR changes according to light that is when

the dark time the LDR resistance is very high and vice-versa. so our obstacle is dark in colour so we can get different analog values . with that value with the help of a controller we trigger a servo.

servo is used to press the space bar. so that's the working principle

circuit diagram

I am using the analog read function of Arduino and I give conditions for servo triggers 

code

How to make Arduino based robotic board

basic circuit
order your pcb from jlcpcb
you will get 5pcbs just for 2$